02
History & Heritage
A Port Called Tha Chin
The river still carries the old name of the town. Before it was a city, the ground at the mouth was Ban Tha Chin, the Chinese pier, a large settlement where junks tied up to trade and to stay. In 1556 (B.E. 2099), under King Maha Chakkraphat, Ban Tha Chin was raised to the town of Sakhon Buri, a place to call out the levies and a gate against enemies coming by sea. On 17 and 18 December 1687 (B.E. 2230) Claude Céberet, of the French embassy, wrote the port down on his way to Mae Klong: one small brick fort, walls about ten feet high, no moat and no gate, a few fighting towers, and small brass guns. A little town, and still a port that mattered.
Late in Ayutthaya, King Sanphet VIII — King Suea — came down by water and took the bends of Khlong Khok Kham. The royal barge Ekachai struck a branch and the prow broke. Palace law laid that fault on the helmsman. Phanthai Norasing, who had the tiller, asked the king to keep the law, and the sentence was carried out. A shrine stands on that ground, and the tambon still bears his name. King Suea then ordered a straighter canal from Thonburi to the mouth, in place of Khlong Khok Kham, and died before the dig was finished. King Thai Sa completed it and named it Khlong Mahachai. A settlement grew on the bank at the canal’s mouth and took the same name. People still call the town Mahachai.
In 1828 (B.E. 2371) King Nangklao had Phraya Choduek Rachasetthi build a brick fort to hold the mouth of the Tha Chin, and named it Wichian Chodok. Three sides of it still stand by the city pillar. In the fourth reign King Mongkut renamed Sakhon Buri as Samut Sakhon, which the province reads as a city of the sea and the river.
Under King Chulalongkorn the court turned to local boards. On 18 March 1905 (B.E. 2448) a royal command raised tambon Tha Chalom to a sanitary district, Sukhaphiban Tha Chalom, the first set up in the provinces. In 1913 (B.E. 2456), under King Vajiravudh, the word mueang was changed to changwat throughout the kingdom, and Samut Sakhon took the title of a province. On 1 January 1943 (B.E. 2486) the province was folded into Thonburi, and the three districts went with it. The act published on 9 May 1946 (B.E. 2489) split Mueang Samut Sakhon, Krathum Baen, and Ban Phaeo back out, and set the province up again.