02
History & Heritage
Singharacha and Bang Rachan
Sing Buri is an old river town of the central plain, remembered above all for Bang Rachan. Provincial archaeology places prehistoric settlement at Ban Chi Nam Rai in In Buri and at Ban Bang Wua in Bang Rachan — stone axes, baked-clay spindle whorls, whetstones, and bronze bracelets among the finds. In the Dvaravati centuries a moated town stood at Ban Ku Mueang (Ku Mueang) in In Buri: a near-square earthwork of ditches and banks, the “town of moats and canals” pattern of that age, with pottery, beads, and grinding stones now partly shown at the In Buri National Museum.
The name Sing comes from Sanskrit — greatness, power, and kingship. Older forms include Mueang Singharacha and Mueang Singharachathirat, a town once set on the Chak Si, a channel that later silted and left the old site quieter and farther from the Chao Phraya. Prince Damrong still described Sing Buri as a large, ancient mueang with fortifications, a palace, Wat Mahathat, and the great reclining Buddha of Wat Phra Non Chak Si. When King U Thong founded Ayutthaya, Sing Buri was already counted a mueang luk luang — a city of the heir — with In Buri and Phrom Buri as related inner towns on the northern approaches of the capital.
Late in Ayutthaya, in 1765–1766 (B.E. 2308–2309), villagers held the camp at Bang Rachan against the Burmese for about five months and won several fights before the camp fell — the stand remembered in Thai history in the years just before Ayutthaya was lost in 1767 (B.E. 2310). Under King Taksin’s Thonburi, men were still raised from Sing Buri, Phrom Buri, and In Buri for the wars of the new capital.
Under King Chulalongkorn’s thesaphiban reform, in 1895–1896 (B.E. 2438–2439), In Buri and Phrom Buri were reduced to districts under Sing Buri. A new provincial seat was laid out at Bang Phutsa, and the older Sing Buri town became Amphoe Sing, later Amphoe Bang Rachan. That arrangement is the province of Sing Buri as it stands today — a compact Chao Phraya rice land whose seal still carries the heroes of Bang Rachan.